Prestigious Fast Food Restaurant -Burger King Research Paper

Esteemed Fast Food Restaurant - Burger King - Research Paper Example In addition, Burger King supports and lets clients redo the selective fire cooked burgers with decisions thus numerous choices just as they would prefer. This makes a solid and solid connection between Burger King and the client. The cheap food additionally has the advantage of offering various things and the client benefits by having a few burger alternatives. Burger King has extended their menu yet at the same time, they have stayed consistent with their one of a kind and unique fire cooked burgers. This fire seared gives them advantage over other inexpensive food chains. Burger King is giving extraordinary compared to other client care, menu choice, neatness, and sound decisions. On the off chance that the climate of a feasting region is fascinating, more individuals will need to eat there. That is one of the significant reasons that attract more clients to Burger King. By mid-2009, Burger King was not in any of the accompanying nations: Pakistan, India, Nigeria, South Africa and France. In any case, presently they are growing their more and have a few branches in these nations too. In searching for new nations to enter, Burger King needs to discover more nations to extend that is appropriate in a perfect world. They ought to go for the nations with higher populaces and ideally youth and centralizations of urban action. Neighborhood counts calories containing high devouring of meat would be rousing and empowering in light of the fact that their mark items are made of hamburger. Also, territories which are sheltered, support the politically steady business condition and have accessible capital are perfect. Burger King Restaurants are fundamentally known for the kind of food they serve, which is regular cheap food comprising of chicken sandwiches and cheeseburger. Side dishes contain the standard French fries, yet they additionally have more beneficial alternatives, for example, apple fries. Kids going to birthday celebrations at Burger King get cardboard crow ns to wear on their heads. Burger King is a worldwide organization with an establishment area all through the world. There are areas in every one of the 50 states in the United States, and in 69 different nations. The complete number of areas overall is 11,200 with more than 11 million visitors visiting Burger King every day, as indicated by Burger King's site. Burger King contends with a wide range of food retailers based on costs, food characteristics, accommodation and client administrations. 1.1 Competitive Advantage Burger King has been in direct rivalry with burger mammoth McDonald's since Burger King's commencement in the 1950's. It is at present the number two burger chain on the planet behind McDonald's. Other direct contenders of Burger King are Yum and Wendy's In request to draw in new clients and to stay serious, Burger King is proceeding with its market development methodology. Embracing a serious methodology in an association will pass on an incentive to your shoppers and the network. Burger King is contending in the dynamic food retail industry. Clients have an assortment of decisions of food. Contrasts that Burger King endeavor are self-evident, by understanding the need of their clients, and the drive for a sensible burger with a lot of meeting. Burger King is working to exploit the pieces of the pie and increment the income across nations. Likewise, the cheap food industry is as yet the main food retail segment in the United States and this draws in heaps of nearby and local organizations to join the industry.â â

Engineering Leadership and Change Resistance- myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theEngineering Leadership and Change Resistance for Customers. Answer: Building is a significant field since it encourages the specialists to manufacture and plan things or structures that meet the desires for the recipients and clients. The specialists should utilize important initiative abilities to convince the group to receive the changes. In view of the contextual investigation, building ventures stay testing [1]. Actually, even a straightforward task may require new specialized methodologies and imagination to accomplish the outcomes. Significantly, the designing heads are at the focal point of these activities with the goal that the undertakings can run easily. The group and end-clients expect quality work in this way live up to their desires. In any case, it is basic to separate among the board and initiative. As indicated by Leopold and Kaltenecker [1], the executives is a receptive conduct since it includes tending to the day by day issues through organizing, sorting out, and arranging. The supervisor must comprehend the unique circumstance an d requirements related with the task. On the hand, a researcher Monson [2] found that administration is a proactive turn of events and advancement. The pioneer once in a while values the constrained assets yet centers around improving the accessible and expected assets. Significantly, the pioneer must impart the normal potential, morals, and practices. This suggests pioneers make the best choice while directors do things right. In this way, authority is basic in making a culture that keeps up steadiness and consistency. Foundation In view of the case, change will improve the viability and life of the association. Since change is never a simple assignment, the pioneers have the character that can shape the way of life. It is essential to distinguish the difficulties that have influenced the change procedure. These could incorporate the inward mix and outside adjustment [3]. The designing administration must react to the outside condition identified with requests. The initiative ought to likewise mix the individual endeavors to make lucid practices among the colleagues. The foreseen change can happen when the building administration recognizes the impetuses [4]. For example, the new innovations and forceful market rivalry could be pushing the firm to look for new roads. The disappointment by an association to react can prompt misfortunes or poor efficiency. Unquestionably, if the administration neglects to think about change, the association would be presented to various perils including leaving business, lose a ssociations, piece of the overall industry, and experience prohibitive and boundaries to its tasks. The organization will likewise encounter the individual effect, for example, losing impact and pictures [5]. The pioneers need to illuminate the representatives that remain to lose their positions for neglecting to receive the changes. Jobs of the Engineer The specialist is a specialized chief whose work rotates around people. As a pioneer, the chief needs to comprehend that forming the experience of others would be reasonable in light of the fact that this will assist them with meeting their requirements and objectives. This includes the utilization of value-based and vote based authority characteristics [6]. The authority approach will guarantee everybody stays cheerful, connected with, and beneficial. The pioneer ought to arrange standard gatherings with individuals to survey their presentation and address any barricades or issues influencing their activities. Monson [2] shows that the task head needs to improve the undertaking to make it justifiable. The pioneer needs to must be specialists who practices are noteworthy. The specialists must set up a solid relationship with colleagues since they have pertinent aptitudes and experience to address the circumstance. Defeating protection from change The pioneer ought to consider making an away from of the change as the initial step. After deciding the purpose behind these changes, the venture can be viable. Truth be told, this progression can include hazard examination, on the grounds that even the group are chances as they neutralize the achievement of the venture [6]. The specialist or group pioneer ought to be powerful in permitting others to purchase in the thought. Protection from change requires the contribution of value-based and transformational pioneers who have what it takes to diminish vulnerability and dread among the workers in this manner boosting their resolve [7]. Transformational and value-based pioneers are relied upon to grasp participative and cooperative administration aptitudes [8]. Accordingly, structuring a dream for this venture will advance seeing in this manner picture the effect. Moreover, the pioneer ought to consider getting criticism consistently. For example, before the pioneer makes any radical declaration with respect to the change, it is critical to counsel specialists and get the applicable input. This includes the utilization of key scholars among the colleagues with the goal that their data sources can be thought of. The discussion and criticism should proceed all through the task [9]. The pioneer needs to consider directing reviews and after death meetings to feature the issues. The third stage includes making the declaration about the change and plan. Significantly, researchers Radzi and Othman [10] asserted that changes must be persuasive driven. In view of the vision, the pioneer must concentrate on conveying in this manner make it important and help individuals to acknowledge change. In spite of the fact that the worker will experience the phases of pain, the group will acknowledge it finally. In the primary stage, the workers were trying to claim ignorance of the change [6]. Be that as it may, after understanding the truth of these changes, they picked up outrage to oppose on account of misconception. With the value-based and law based authority, it is conceivable to convince them consequently permitting them to deal. The indications of discouragement will be clear as they gradually acknowledge the truth. All in all, protection from change gives off an impression of being the foreseen reaction of individuals. Workers and groups consistently attempt to make an interpretation of these progressions to individual sentiments or setting prompting dread. The pioneers must deliver these feelings of dread to win the certainty of the devotees. Significantly, it is reasonable for the pioneer to include the workforce in discovering answers for the issues. Proceeded with commitment causes the workforce to produce new thoughts and forestall poorly conceived notions. Accordingly, the organization ought to set up correspondence plan and mentor to guarantee that each partner is welcomed on board in this manner lessen their opposition. The administrators need to utilize the best authority approach including value-based and majority rule where the colleagues are associated with the dynamic. Works Cited Leopold S. Kaltenecker, Kanban Change Leadership: Creating a Culture of Continuous Improvement. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, 2015. J. Monson, Engineering Leadership: How to Create an Effective Engineering Organization. Brilliant Valley, Minn.: RJM, 2017. E. McCleary, G.M. Crow, and J. L. Matthews, Leadership: A Relevant and Realistic Role for Principals. New York: Routledge, 2014.. T. S. Harvey, The best chiefs face determined challenges, gaining from disappointment as they go, The Telegraph, May 12, 2017. [Online]. Accessible: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/interface/better-business/authority/best-pioneers face challenges gaining from-disappointment/ Berube, Are your workers opposing change? It might be something to be thankful for, Life Cycle Engineering, 2016. [Online]. Accessible: https://www.lce.com/Are-Your-Employees-Resisting-Change-It-May-Be-a-Good-Thing-1291.html 6. McCauley, Essentials of Engineering Leadership and Innovation. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2017. Thuijsman, Leadership styles and their effect on workers with respect to the acknowledgment of hierarchical change, IBA Bach. theory, Fucul. of Behav., Mgnt, and Soc. Sci. July 2, 2015. [Online]. Accessible: https://essay.utwente.nl/67385/1/Thuijsman_BA_BMS.pdf R. Plants, This is what significant designing administration resembles, First-round, n.d. [Online]. Accessible: https://firstround.com/survey/this-is-what-effective building authority resembles/ Matsudaira and K. Stull, Combating protection from change: how to get others ready for new thoughts, Safari, July 1, 2014. [Online]. Accessible: https://www.safaribooksonline.com/blog/2014/07/01/protection from change/ I. M. Radzi and R. Othman, Resistance to change: The directing impacts of pioneer part trade and job expansiveness self-adequacy, Journal of Advanced Management Science, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 72-76, Jan. 2016.

A Martyrs Victory In A Spiritual Sense :: essays research papers fc

A Martyr's Victory from a Spiritual Perspective      Bishop Francis X. Passage was a knowledgeable, colossally delicate man, that was kicked, beaten, offended, and encompassed by contempt. This as a result of one keeps an eye on convictions. He was conceived in Brooklyn in 1892. He was the author of the Maryknoll Missionaries and was the principal religious administrator of Kwantung, China. He was murdered in the late 1950's in China, he was accused of against Communist, counterrevolutionary, and secret activities exercises, his genuine "crime" was for being a Christian and an outsider.      During his life Bishop Ford outlined the cardinal excellence of backbone, which is the capacity to beat dread so as to seek after great; "it is a functioning purpose to beat detestable for divine beings kingdom" said Huggard. At the point when he took office in China, the nation was at that point feeling the impacts of the gigantic Japanese development across Asia. In a brief timeframe millions lost there lives and were driven from that point homes. Diocesan portage would not leave the war-torn nation, considerably after the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor brought the United States into the war. During this time he separated himself by the manner in which he thought about war displaced people. Chinese followed through on a horrible cost during this war with Japan, however even all the more exorbitant was a common war that followed. Religious administrator Ford exemplified the temperance of grit, by not leaving the war-torn nation and remaining to attempt to seek after great.      During this season of war, many would think about what was the explanation behind him to remain in China, and what was his for what reason to live? In the Novel A Mans Search For Which means, Nietzsche says "he who has a for what reason to live can hold up under with practically any how". In the event that Ford had left the nation during the hour of war, there would have likely been no desire for the war evacuees that didn't have the choice to remain or on the other hand go. His for what reason to live was not to spare himself, yet to spare others. In the Novel Frankl portrays the human individual as a significance creator, who has the last human opportunity to be specific to pick one mentality in a given situation. In 1950, he moved from his Diocese in Kaying China, to a political jail in Canton 200, miles away. At each stop en route he was put out there for anyone to see and embarrassed. His disposition during these stops was not to give and let the embarrassment make get to him, however to utilize it as a venturing stone to battle more enthusiastically, he did the unavoidable he utilized the mortification to improve him.

Higher education is a buyers market

Higher education is a buyer’s market Inside Higher Ed, one of higher education’s leading news outlets, recently conducted a nationwide survey of college admission directors. The newly-released results are shocking, and reveal a profession entirely different than that portrayed in popular media. Instead of sifting through an excess of qualified applicants, most admissions officers will spend this fall trying unsuccessfully to meet their enrollment goals, as the supply of quality higher education continues to outpace (eligible) student demand. Consider the following findings: More than 60 percent of admissions directors surveyed in 2014 had not filled their respective classes by the traditional May 1 notification deadline. More than 30 percent of admission directors spent the spring and summer of 2014 recruiting students who had already committed to attending other colleges—a practice that is effectively banned by the National Association for College Admissions Counseling. Nearly 80 percent of admission dire ctors are moderately-to-very concerned about meeting enrollment goals for the 2014-2015 admissions cycle.Although the above findings inspire fear among every college administrator outside of the Ivy League, they should have the opposite effect on college applicants and convey a few admission-related truths:1. The application process does not end in November.The rise of Early Decision, Early Action, and priority/VIP applications does not indicate a more competitive admissions process wherein applying early is a must; it reflects an increasingly competitive and desperate four-year college sector that is willing to adopt almost every strategy under the sun to increase applications and enrollment yield. Trust us, time is on your side. Although meeting a November deadline can offer very modest advantages at a few select â€Å"Early Decision† colleges, using the months of December and January to solidify your college preferences and improve your applications is perfectly appropriat e, even encouraged, given that the overwhelming majority of institutions need to accept students meeting their admissions criteria, regardless of whether they apply by the early or regular decision deadline.2.  There is a lot of money to be won.In an effort to boost attendance and meet enrollment targets, many colleges have devoted an increasing share of their budgets to attracting desirable students via the offering of merit-based (i.e. non-need-based) financial aid. Using merit scholarships to lure high-achieving or high-scoring students can improve a college’s ranking and eventually its desirability, ultimately fueling enrollment. And because â€Å"high-achieving† and â€Å"desirable† are relative terms, you don’t have to be an academic superstar to earn merit money. A number of reputable schools now offer sizable merit awards to â€Å"B† students. Please see our post on winning merit aid to learn more.3.  If you’re a good high school student, you can attend a great college.There were many outstanding institutions that failed to meet their enrollment goals in 2014, and each was recruiting good (not necessarily great) students well into the summer. Here are a few:Beloit College Drexel University Eckerd College Juniata College Knox College Lake Forest College Lewis Clark College Mills College New College of Florida St. Mary’s College (MD) University of Arizona University of Maryland, College ParkThis list and the survey highlighted above offer indisputable evidence that higher education is indeed a buyer’s market. This fact should compel students to adopt an admission strategy that is based on confidence, rather than worry, and take comfort in the fact that any applicant with an open mind and decent transcript can attend an excellent college at an affordable price.

The Fourth Extinction By Elizabeth Kolbert - 1477 Words

On a day to day basis most people take for granite the lives we get to live, along with putting to much value on the extra things such as materialistic items. Also, the majority of humans are too invested in their personal lives or with themselves that they do not look at the big picture of how what we are doing now will effect us later. As humans are routines in our lives can bring us harm, and within time a we may become the sixth extinction. I believe we threaten human existence as a species and it can eventually lead to destroying our own comfortable lives we have created for ourselves. In the beginning of the book â€Å"The Sixth Extinction† by Elizabeth Kolbert, she mentions a species of a frog that is going extinct because of a fungus that has been brought over by humans and has been spread around by water. It is attention-grabbing for the majority of people to find out what is happening to these frogs and for people who share an interest with frogs it is concerning. Ei ther its interesting or concerning it is important to know how these fogs are dying if humans seem to not be bringing harm to them on purpose, most would assume the fungus occurred naturally. However, in the book Kolbert mentions â€Å"Without being loaded by someone onto a boat or a plane, it would have been impossible for a frog carrying Bd to get from Africa to Australia or from North America to Europe† (Kolbert 18). Since Humans have altered the way we live and it is constantly changing it was only a matterShow MoreRelatedThe Fourth Extinction : An Unnatural History By Elizabeth Kolbert1112 Words   |  5 Pagesfive major mass extinction on earth triggered by a distinguishable event, but in The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Elizabeth Kolbert writes of the narrative of the sixth extinction caused directly by human impact. The book identifies the effects of human activity on how, over humans history on earth, the natural world has been affected. Every environmen tal impact stems into three basic groups of global problems to nature: Pollution, Habitat loss and Invasive Species. Kolbert explains thatRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages7 percent. The more-developed countries of Asia (Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and, in smaller numbers, South Korea and Taiwan) account for 4 percent and 6 percent if Israel is added. And so-called south-to-south migrations make up the remaining fourth (see table 1.4). 36 †¢ CHAPTER 1 TABLE 1.4: PLACE OF RESIDENCE OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN 2005 Region or Country Number % of Total Northwestern Southern Europe 41,737,698 22 United States 38,354,709 20

Understanding Islam and Muslims Essay - 2071 Words

Most people know little or nothing about Islam, they have many misconceptions about Muslim beliefs and rituals. Regardless, Islam has gained a large following and is the second largest religion in the world. Hopefully some of the questions about Islam, Sunni Islam in particular, will be answered through research and a visit to the Islamic Center of the Inland Empire. This paper will cover the history of the religion, the history of Al-Masjid al-Ha ram or â€Å"The Holy Mosque, the art, the religious meeting, and personal views of a religious leader. Islam, like Judaism and Christianity, is a monotheistic religion based on the belief in one God. There are two main divisions in the Islam religion, they are Sunni and Shi’a. The separation of the†¦show more content†¦This contrasts with the Shia Muslim belief that Muhammad himself appointed his first successor to be Ali ibn Abi Talib as the first Caliph and the first Muslim imam (David Krusch). Abu Bakr survived for about two years, 632-634. Three more caliphs followed ‘Umar (634-644), ‘Uthman (644-656), and ‘Ali (656-662). At first, the power struggles were able to conceal internal disunion, but this only produced a festering schism that persists even now. In the modern era, the country of Iraq is an example of this. Minority Sunnis ruled and persecuted Shiites under the government of Saddam Hussein. The Sunni division is known for their Schools of jurisprudence. Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad was a leading Sunni Scholar theologian who was the founder of the Hanbali legal school, a popular defender of traditional Islamic Piety against Muslims rationalists and the Abbasid Caliphate. Hanabals believe that God had many names and attributes as mentions in the Koran. Hanbali law is considered to be very conservative and strict and is mainly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. Of the four main Sunni legal schools one of the largest and most widespread, after that of the Hanafis, is the Shafii Legal School. It dates to the ninth century and bears the name of its founder, Muhammad’ ibn idris al-shaFii (Campo, Juan Eduardo 617). This school is based off some of the opinions of Muhammad’s companions, but mostly fromShow MoreRelatedMy Understanding About Islam And The Muslims966 Words   |  4 PagesThis class reinforced my understanding about Islam and â€Å"Muslims.† it opened my eyes to various things that I would not think about on my own. These are details I just do not take the time to reflect upon. In short, my paper will focus on the concepts of acculturation and assimilation. I have noticed these concepts in the books and articles we have read throughout the quarter. In the book entitled A History of Islam in The America by Kambiz GhaneaBassiri, he discusses the fact that many of the enslavedRead MoreEssay on Islam The Straight Path989 Words   |  4 Pages Islam The Straight Path   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An evaluation of the book by John L. Esposito: Islam The Straight Path. In this book , Esposito provides a succinct, up-to-date survey of the Islamic experience, an introduction to the faith, belief, and practice of Islam from its origins to its contemporary resurgence. He traces the emergence and development of this dynamic faith and its impact on world history and politics. He discusses the formation of Islamic belief and practice (law, theology, philosophy,Read MoreUnderstanding Islam1309 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Understanding Islam† by Kenneth Jost, pg. 172 – 176 Islam is an ill-perceived religion throughout most of the Western world. Once known as a quiet and peaceful religion, the general perception of people from other religions and most of the world upon Islam is quite distorted. Ever since the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center, an influx of discrimination and prejudice towards Islam and Muslims has spread throughout the world. In â€Å"Understanding Islam,† by Kenneth Jost, an article aboutRead MoreIslam the Straight Path1014 Words   |  5 PagesIslam The Straight Path An evaluation of the book by John L. Esposito: Islam The Straight Path. In this book , Esposito provides a succinct, up-to-date survey of the Islamic experience, an introduction to the faith, belief, and practice of Islam from its origins to its contemporary resurgence. He traces the emergence and development of this dynamic faith and its impact on world history and politics. He discusses the formation of Islamic belief and practice (law, theology, philosophy, and mysticism)Read More Thomas W. Lippmans Understanding Islam Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesThomas W. Lippmans Understanding Islam Thomas W. Lippman gives an introduction to the Muslim world in the book Understanding Islam. He has traveled throughout the Islamic world as Washington Post bureau chief for the Middle East, and as a correspondent in Indochina. This gave him, in his own words, sharp insight into the complexities of that turbulent region. However, the purpose of the book is not to produce a critical or controversial interpretation of Islamic scripture. It is insteadRead MoreIslam’S Nationalism, Ethnicity, And Religion . Since The1469 Words   |  6 Pageswe can see that they are different, but similar in many aspects and backgrounds. Comparing the two will entail a better understanding on the importance, impact, and approaches that one can pursue to better define Islam and Christianity’s impact in modern day. First, understanding the background and core of Islam is vital to better understating its development and impact. Islam was first founded in the 7th Century by the prophet Muhammad who is said to be guided by the angel Gabriel, who likewiseRead MoreThe Media s Perception Of Islam And Islam918 Words   |  4 PagesWest and Islam. The media has contributed to how the Western civilization views Islam and Muslims which essentially created the idea of an â€Å"us† versus â€Å"them† mentality instead of coexisting with one another. How people see the world is through the media. The Western media has not contributed positive images. Therefore, misunderstandings of Islam and Muslims have created negative perceptions. This paper will discuss the West’s perception of Islam and how the media has defined Islam and Muslims. SinceRead MoreReligion1264 Words   |  6 PagesMisconceptions about Islam – A personal perspective Islam may be the most misunderstood religion in the United States. The impression that majority of non-Muslim Americans have is usually obtained through the media which typically represent Islamic countries or groups in the middle of a Holy War. These wars are usually waged by Islamic Fundamentalist who use terrorism and other violent acts to get their messages across giving Islam a negative reputation. Because of the lack of understanding of this highlyRead MoreThe Rise Of Islamophobia Has Affected The Lives Of Many Muslims Living Of Western Countries1708 Words   |  7 PagesRacialization of Islam In the past decade, especially the last two years, the rise of Islamophobia has affected the lives of many Muslims living in Western countries. Islamophobia by nature is racist, it makes general assumptions of a large group of people who share a common belief system. Making any generalization of the followers of Islam or of Islam itself, will oversimplify what is a diverse and complex global religious tradition. Yet western converts to Islam are often met with incomprehensionRead MoreWorldview/Religion Analysis of Islam Essay1238 Words   |  5 PagesWorldview/Religion Analysis of Islam By Elizabeth Case Student ID: L6924379 Presented to: Dr. Raymond Johnson In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Introduction to Apologetics APOL 500 Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Lynchburg, VA April 3, 2011 Worldview/Religion Analysis of Islam Summary of Islam The Arabic term Islam literally means â€Å"surrender† or â€Å"submission†. The followers of Islam, known as Muslims (from the active participle of Islam), accept or surrender

The Tradegy of JUlius Caesar Essay Example For Students

The Tradegy of JUlius Caesar Essay I.In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar William Shakespeare proves that an individuals character flaws will ultimately cause his or her demise.II. Caesars naivete and arroganceA.He is a dreamer 716B.Yet if my name were 721C.Id rather tell thee 722D. Caesar shall go 743E.Cowards die 743F.The gods do this 743G.Have I in conquest 744H. I must prevent thee 752I.Constant as the north 753III.Cassiuss evilness, greed, hastiness, nervousnessAll fo these quotes are found in the tradegy of julius caesar the reader would be wse to lok in the book for more aditional quotes, and base his paper on how people in some degree cause their own deaths. weather it be ther love or parks and on ther stroll to a park they get hit by a car or it may be the fact that they are greedy and their dick invovlment in shady opperations h a s c a u s e d t h e i r u n t i m e l y deaths. There are countles examples of this throughout how history. this paper is not many words do I need very conclusive for I am not verygood, but this fuck you is give a sold idea to work from howdy there is a good possiability that the reader can draw a strong connection the the chaos theory. son las dias? nuevaes benero en el bano. the chaos theory states that everything is connect. for example because a buttefly flpped his or her fuck wings richard gear the gay actor had a pinao in brooklyn dropped on his head. i i evdent that peope enjoy the ice cream sandwhich frm time to time espicley whe it is injected i to their beards. its only factual that marvin gaye was a prphet in his onw right como estats? a good resource diary is the one method man. you wuld be wise to eat penut butter out of your neighbors ass hole. ys the answere si yea that am drunk and getting more and more as we speak. hahaha see the workd connectionbeing drawn to the sun from here tnas thatmkd ietoy for all of you r time mothae fuxcker s jhahah jfiekd eo Words/ Pages : 370 / 24

Key influences on personal learning processes Essay Example

Key influences on personal learning processes Essay This essay will be describing in detail a few of the many different influences that can and do have an effect on learning; some of these have influenced me personally. This essay is like a self analysis looking from the perspective of the learner. It will be looking at the work of some key theorists to support and back up the points. It will also discuss how others can be helped to learn and the effectiveness of doing this. Learning is a process by which we acquire knowledge, skills and an understanding of abstract concepts. You start learning from birth and the learning process continues through formal schooling and even right through to adulthood, they do say you learn something new every day. In everyday life we call our learning informal. Firstly there are some main theories of learning used to understand the way in which individuals learn. From experience the best way of influencing and progressing an individuals learning is to actually know how you learn best, this will be either visually, auditory, kinaesthetically or tactilely. I am an example of a visual learner taking in information best when it has come from something seen like pictures or information in a book, etc. When you know this you can then put it into practice by planning the learning, then actually doing it and finally reflecting on what has been learnt. One of the main theorists associated with learning is Kolb. Kolb looks at the ways adults learn referring to these as cognitive abilities, he says that learning processes begin as instinctive preferences during adolescence. We will write a custom essay sample on Key influences on personal learning processes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Key influences on personal learning processes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Key influences on personal learning processes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Kolb identified two pairs of opposing factors which, combined together, show learning as a cycle with four different stages of learning. Each stage can be entered at any time but for learning to be effective the stages must be followed in a sequence. As you can see from the diagram the four stages are concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. Kolbs learning cycle can be applied to everyday practice. Another important theory is the learning styles theory conducted by Honey and Mumford. They identified ways in which different employees learned and came up with four learning style preferences, reflector, theorist, activist and pragmatist. Honey and Mumford conducted a questionnaire in order to find out peoples preferred learning style/s (see appendix 1 for their questionnaire) Honey and Mumford (1986) stated that the learning style questionnaire is designed to probe the relative strengths of four different learning styles.

buy custom Theories of Adult Development essay

buy custom Theories of Adult Development essay This gist of the following paper will discuss the life structure theory explained by a psychiatrist, Daniel Levinson. He did this piece of work together with his associates while working at Yale University Medical School. This theory tends to explain to the general public, enterprises, and social organizations that relationships are derived from an individuals life structure. Levinson had a vision of a society that focuses on fulfilling the needs of adults; with the aim of giving them an easy task to put into their roles. Their roles in turn would benefit the young population in working on the foundations of their dreams.This paper will also look at the 6 phases of adulthood according to Levinson's theory. My main reason for choosing this theory is because it comprehensively and evidently covers all stages of the human development. Levinson saw an essentiality of the growth and development of the humanity in such a manner that it would be more competent as well as more compassionate. His dream came as a result of the hard and tricky times that he had to go through in his mid-life transition to success. Levinson amalgamated a passionate, systematic interest in the entire human race with a loving inquisitiveness about nature. With his colleagues, they calculated the lives of fifty men from five diverse walks of life. The theory summarizes his findings that there exists a series of change-overs and stages of comparative constancy in the life of a male adult. Every transition assesses the preceding structure of life, and the man evaluates its relevance for the subsequent years. Transitions come into the picture during times of havoc and stress. Those times that stability strengthens someon e are those with refreshed obligation and focus. Levinson conducted series rigorous interviews with men and women in 1978 and 1987 respectively. He personally opted to do his theoretical assessment according to the stages men and women had gone through in their lifetime. The centrality of his theory is that life structures are a foundation of an individuals pattern of life at any specific time. A person's life structure is molded by his/her social as well as physical environment. An array of individuals life structures mainly revolves family and work; however, other variables like religion, race, and financial status are important as well. In his theory, there are two key concepts; the Stable Period which involves the period when someone makes critical choices in life, and the Transitional Period which is the conclusion of an individual's stage and the commencement of a new one (Levinson 1978). Life for the period of these transitions may be either unsteady or smooth, but the quality and worth of ones life obligations often transfo rm between the beginning and end of that period. Levinson's four main seasonal ccles consist of the early adult transition, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. In the beginning, Levinson (1978) studied 40 mature males between 35 and 45 years of age. Early adulthood comes when men bring into being their occupations and families. After an assessment of themselves at about the age of 38, men settle down and put their whole efforts toward career development. Then an additional transition happens at about the age of 40, as men recognize that certain ambitions will not be fulfilled. Throughout middle adulthood, men focus on their particular personality and put more effort for nurturing their abilities and assets. Lastly, the transition to late adulthood involves the reflection of the achievements, underperformances and failures that they celebrate the rest of life. Afterwards, in 1987 Levinson interviewed 45 women between 35 and 45 years of age. A third of them were hom emakers, another one third college instructors, businesswomen had the same proportion. Generally, he realized that women experience a similar form of cycles just as men do. Nevertheless, the life stages of women are usually closely connected with the life cycle of the family. Generally, in a deeper perspective, these periods of transition can be scrutinized to be six in number. When broken down, they include; early adult transition, between the ages of 17-22. This is when someone leaves adolescence and makes the first choices for adult life. The arrival into the adult world is between the ages of 22-28. During this time, individuals make decisions based on preliminary choices in affection, occupation, companionship, lifestyle and values. The age of 30 and beyond begins with a transition from 28-33 years of age. At this time, variations arise in the life structure; this can either be a moderate change or often a stressful predicament. The next stage is where an individual needs to relax, and Levinson branded it as Settling down. This occurs between the ages of 33-40. Here, there is an establishment of a niche in the society, advancement in a schedule, not only in family but also other career undertakings. Individuals are expected to reason and act as paren ts would do. This is the period where they face more challenging roles and anticipations. The fifth stage of life transition is the Mid-life transition between the ages of 40-45. Life structure poses as the main question, typically a period of crisis insignificance, direction, and worth of every single person's life. Ignored fragments of oneself-e.g. talents, desires, and aspirations always have the capacity to be sought and expressed. Men are perceived more as fathers and mothers than as brothers and sisters. This is in reference to other men who are to some extent younger and this message irritates them on their first encounter with it. Moreover at this period, men develop a progressively more awareness of death as they arre constantly reminded that life is short. They turn into an active participation to attempt to leave a legacy, and this commonly forms the core characteristic of the second half of their lives. The next stage is termed as entering middle adulthood which is betwe en the ages of 45-50. At this stage, choices are a necessity and a new life structure comes into the picture (Gergen 1985).An individual must pledge to new tasks. Between the ages of 50-55, termed as age of 50 transitions, Levinson noted that one could not escape a moderate transition disaster. Therefore, matters that were not fully addressed in the preceding transitions came out vehemently. The ages of 55-60 are the Second middle adult structure whereby just as the period of settling, the men have to organize themselves for the subsequent transition which is from middle adulthood and into late adulthood. Some individuals embrace this time for upgrading and realization the ages of 50. Ages of 60-65, the late adult transition, forestalls the modification in the structure from the preceding period to late adulthood. Here, changes in career are to be expected, and this would have an impact on ones self and associations. Deep reflection is associated with it and for some, this change is predominantly painful, so they attempt to avoid it. The Late adult era occurs from 65 years and above. The gentlemen must look into the sense of their earlier bein g, and begin to form the structure framed in the late adult transition. Considerably, further needs should be well-read about this period. Daniel Levinson collected this information for his studymany years ago, soon after the Great Depression. Due to this period, men came from stable families, had truthful objectives for their life and developed into adults in the growing economy. Men who have matured in the previous 4-5decades, nevertheless, have had to cope with unstable families because of extraordinary divorce rates, and their objectives are much more problematic to achieve. They have similarly to cope with a changing economy. Therefore, these modifications make it hard to relate Levinson's readings to the contemporary generation (Gergen 1991). Adult development changes with a similar change in the surroundings of an individual. Someones social class determines his/her future as well as his/his physical environment. When an individual grows, he or she develops into a new form of being. His or her attitudes, thoughts, roles, appearance, values, and capabilities change according to the age bracket he or she falls. Though the expectations are always dictated by the external forces, people still try to adjust to a niche that fit them best. Therefore, as Daniel Levinson puts it, "Adults hope that life begins at 40, but the anxiety is that it ends there." Buy custom Theories of Adult Development essay

EDLE 640 - Assignment 1 Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EDLE 640 - Assignment 1 - Speech or Presentation Example Therefore, much as we would commit ourselves to achieving our goals or the goals of the organizations we work with, it must all start with loving the other people. Therefore, the first secret to successful leadership, according to Fullan is, Love Your Employees (Fullan, 2008). While being hindered by others in the course of a goal attainment mission, realizing full potential becomes practically impossible. Therefore, the necessity to Connect Peers with a Purpose; which is the second secret to good leadership as discussed by Fullan, becomes necessary. Connecting the peers with ones purpose and objective; personal, professional or organizational, enhances and facilities the goal attainment (Fullan, 2008). Thus connectivity with the people should be much more than just collaborating with them. It requires more of firm interconnection of the peers, and upholding capacity building as the priority for the organization. Facilitating the free social interactions within the peers and creating a favorable environment for them to engage in creativity and innovation, without the fear of being reprimanded for failure, allows individuals to move out of their comfort zones and engage in more risky affairs, which eventually develops full human capacity (Fullan, 2008). While we work towards realizing our goals with the interest of the other people at the fore front, the goal attainment mission becomes justifiable as a personal initiative, and also as a societal collaboration towards a better life for ourselves and for the rest. Social collaboration is enhanced through applying the third secret as discussed by Fullan, which is to ensure Capacity Building Prevails. I have lived in three different countries in the course of my education and professional development; born in Australia, studying in the USA and gaining working experience in London. But in all these movements, I have found that valuing other people is what counts much towards any progress and development, personal, pr ofessional or organizational, since it is only through the support of others, that an individual can realize their full potential, and thus help their organizations to achieve the optimum (Fullan, 2008). Offering leadership and ability demonstration opportunities is fundamental to the development of individuals. Thus, having the mentality that Learning is the Work; forms the fourth secret towards successful leadership. This point to the fact that; learning is the main job within any job, since knowledge and experience improvement forms the basis of career and professional development, as well as personal growth (Fullan, 2008). While individuals are exercising their duties and mandates in the work place, they should not cease to learn, because working with others and through others helps to develop the full potential, and reawakens the talents hidden within an individual’s ability. My first promotion to a high leadership position was when I was 28 years, while teaching at St M ary’s Parish School in Warren, where I was promoted to the rank of Assistant Principal. This enabled me to exercise my teaching roles, while at the same time learning how to lead an institution, an experience that put my everyday as a purely learning day. Within the one year period that I spent as the Assistant Principa

Preschool Observation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Preschool Observation - Essay Example Since, this is the age when the kids are away from the parents probably for the first time especially from their mothers, it required more attention of the teacher than any other class. The interest of the kids also varies some may like a particular activity while the others do not, it becomes imperative to identify the interests of the kids of this level by the teacher. The teacher was intended to create trust in the children so that they confide on her and feel free to grasp from her teaching. The teacher was friendlier and involved herself with the kids to perform activities and at the same time she was explaining these activities with the help of stories and rhymes. Some of the kids could follow the teachers' instructions while others were not able to understand anything and were crying all the time asking for the mother. The teacher was forced to take more care of such kids and helped them with chocolates or any toys of their interest. Some kids felt hungry and they asked for fo od and teacher had to open their lunch boxes for them to provide them their favorite stuff to eat while others were not intending to eat. This was creating a bit of chaos in the classroom and was becoming difficult for the teacher to manage out well with the kids of this age group. The teacher was intentional to keep the children engaged but was not able to differentiate the instructions and therefore could not keep the children engaged as otherwise she could have with a planned work. Teaching/Instructional Process A proper planning is vital to teach and handle these young budding minds. It is the formative years of their lives and therefore it is imperative to make them learn under discipline. The prime responsibility of the teacher is to create interest and also at the same time understand the psychology of the child, his/her likings and disliking and also the interest of each and every child. If this is done then half of the job is done for the teacher. In order to minimize the chaos there has to be a proper training to differentiate between eating and playing/ activities timings. When the child is not taking much interest the teacher should have involved the child making him/her sit near her and do the work or if the child needs help the teacher should provide help to the child in making the blocks arranging the pictures in a particular order and solving the puzzles and the teacher should be a constant source of encouragement to the child if he/she does even the minor things, this was lacking in the class and therefore there was so much chaos and the teacher was not able to handle them well. Kids need to eat and drink water quite often so after the accomplishment of a particular task they should be appreciated and when all have finished their task then they should be allowed to eat. This practice will make them be disciplined and will eat only at the time of eating rather than creating the chaos as some are eating while others are not. This will help the teacher also to manage the kids well and also to keep the kids engaged in one particular directed activity. When the teacher was playing with the kids, e.g. moving in a circle then at that time the teacher was saying "round and round kids" rather she could have taught them rhyme "ring-a-ring roses.." this rhyme is enjoyed by the kids and will help them learning during fun. The teacher was simply telling story to the kids rather she could

Political Campaign Videos Essay Example for Free

Political Campaign Videos Essay Shifts in the campaign films â€Å"The Sky is the Limit† by George Bush and â€Å"A New Beginning† by Ronald Reagan must have been very evident to expert media critics, but were not at all noticeable for average reasonable television viewers, making the films more effective materials in campaign. Let us first take a look at the campaign film of George Bush. The first of the film â€Å"A New Beginning† engaged the viewers to listen and take a look at Bush’ personal life. It contained clips of Bush’ father, mother and wife talking about him and that is where â€Å"personal† or â€Å"emotional appeal† comes in, because it was the family of Bush speaking. Bush’ parents talked about how loving and wonderful he is as a son. Even his love life was discussed by his wife, telling the audience that Bush is a type of person who keeps his words which he proved when he married Laura right away as promised. At this early part of the film, the film seemed to be just a simple documentary of George Bush’ personal life, until a clip of George Bush saying â€Å"I am the person who likes to smile† came in. He was saying that he likes to laugh, with his face extremely closed up while driving, followed by a very short clip showing himself laughing at a political assembly. This, then, is the start of political campaign and is also the first shift in the movie. The shift was made very subtly, though, because there was a mix of personal appeal and political campaign. The next clip was Carlos Ramirez talking about Bush being a person full of family values. While the topic was still very personal, the interviewee was a political person, Carlos Ramirez being the mayor of El Paso. With this, the combination of politics and personal appeal was created, signaling the second shift that was about to happen. This is indeed a clue that the next shift will be from personal-political to something that’s purely political. The third shift is marked by an interview with Ernie Ladd, a co-founder of a mentoring program for leadership called â€Å"PULL. † Ernie Ladd was talking about Bush’ performance as a leader. When the topic is about leadership, it clearly shows that the current focus of the clip was into politics. To soften the blow, Bush was shown on TV again, being back to a regular guy for another shot at personal appeal. Then again, it was still political because here, he was talking about change. At first, he was sympathizing over children who were coming from very difficult situations and comparing it to his wonderful life. He said he wanted to change this and make lives better for all children, while uttering the purely political line â€Å"This is the reason why I want to run as a governor of Texas. † The campaign, at this stage, is at its full swing. Another shift was created, but this time, there was an effort in emphasizing the goals of Bush in the elections. Phyllis Hunter, a representative from READ of the state of Texas, talked about changed which Bush caused in the state. She further explained the positive changes which took place in Texas which may not have been impossible without Bush. â€Å"She gave testimonials on how helpful Bush is as a person which can be seen through her exact words, I have seen a big difference since he has been governor of the state of Texas in the amount of supports that we have to help us as educators reach the standards. He said if you need it, we’ll get it for you. We have websites, we have grant programs, we have teacher training in the state of Texas, and we have George leading the way (Parmelee, 2003, p. 52). † From this point, the film became highly political because what were shown were purely campaign materials. There was Bush talking to kids while reading their letters to him, in which a letter even contained a wish for Bush to win. Here, Bush tells the kids that he hopes he wins, too. This campaign material was given drama and personal appeal when the kids were involved. Lastly, Bush was uttering the words â€Å"I’m confident I can do the job that people want me to do. I’m a proud member of my party, but Im more than that; I’m an American. I love my country. I love what America stands for. I’m going to remind people that were lucky to be Americans (Parmelee, 2003, p. 52). † Ending the film is a song entitled â€Å"We the People† matched with a loud applause. Ronald Raegans film â€Å"A New Beginning†, on the other hand, starts with a footage of his inauguration. While uttering his constitutional oath, a montage of Americans leading a normal life was overlapping with his voice. His oath, then, functioned as a voice over to regular citizens who tended animals, tilled the lands, worked in offices, and the likes. It was indeed a technique that made the film strong because the film was able to make portray that the heroes of the United States are the Americans, and not Ronald Raegan himself. From this scene, a shift was made to Raegan talking about how he finds his job in the political arena, saying that â€Å"hearing honest views while having meetings† coming from the executive branch of the government makes him inspired as a political leader. After mentioning people from the executive branch, the film shifts to ordinary people again, giving testimonials on how they have learned values like patriotism, respect and pride because of Reagan. It was in the fourth shift when a sudden change can be noticed, because the music suddenly became dramatic, having the lyrics â€Å"Freedom, they cant take that away, I am proud to be an American† as a contributing factor to the emotional appeal. This part extended to a few minutes (as long as the whole song) and converted the film temporarily into a music video until it was cut to a few clips showing Reagan’s trips to demilitarized zones in Asia. In this shift, the film showcased the military power of a country where Reagan shows how delighted he is to hear pride among soldiers. He then meets the soldiers from South Korea and greets then one by one with the words â€Å"I am proud to know you. † This way, he is sending the message that we should emulate his behaviour of acknowledging these soldiers or â€Å"heroes† everytime we see them. Testimonials from ordinary Americans are inserted again, in which everyone says that they get to spend more money and they can feel the progress of the economy since Raegan led the nation. The topic of inflation was also discussed, with statistics mentioned to prove that he is most concerned with inflation and security of elders. The music in this scene is lively and victorious, followed, again, by testimonials from other people. The most dramatic shift comes with the topic of the assassination attempt on him. This part was purely emotional and personal, sharing to the audience the moment he talked to the doctor and the doctor told him â€Å"God must be on your shoulder. † However, an abrupt change occurred when a sudden lively music entered the scene, showing again his trips to Asian countries. This time, he says that people go to the West, which shows that the West, then, provides future for the people. He says that Americans have a lot to offer, which brought a change on the clip by inserting a clip about the World War II veterans who risked and sacrificed their lives at Point d’Hoc. He tells us that men these days can be found in offices, stores, farms and shops as a result of a free society all because the military force helped the nation achieve it. After this, the film becomes political when Reagan started talking about reform, simplifying taxes and creating enterprise zones and business incentives. From this, he also talks about peace which he achieved because he is helping people. The film ended with the song God Bless The USA (Morreale, 1991, p. 84). The values common to these two films are pride, patriotism, generosity, leadership, spirituality and respect. What makes these films different are how these two define themselves. Bush defines himself as a person full of family values, someone who wants to make everybody happy, respectful of his parents, wanting to create change, full of optimism and reaching big dreams, in which his being a family-person and wanting to create change is emphasized. Reagan defines himself as a person who respects heroes, full of patriotism, prioritizes economy of the nation, advocates freedom, spiritual and a peace-lover. In this, his respect for heroes or military and his patriotism are emphasized. Musical scores that are lively and victorious support the progress, dreams and freedom the candidates are portraying in the film. The sentimental songs support the personal and emotional appeal of the film, which helped in making the audience feel what the candidates wanted them to feel. Visual images also had a role – American flags, innocent kids, boy scouts, soldiers, baseball, laughter, sunrises – all these promoting a positive vibe for their personality, making the candidates look as more positive individuals in front of the camera.

Review of film Amadeus Essay -- Movie Film Composer Mozart Music Essay

Review of film 'Amadeus' Amadeus is a movie based on the career and the death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in Viennese during the 18th century. Throughout the film Antonio Salieri tells his story of his growing hatred for Mozart that eventually led to his ?murder?. Through out the rest of the movie you can see where Salieri is getting even more jealous of Mozart. Although Salieri was inspired to become Gods instrument the music of that time ?classical era? did not revolve around the church or God unlike the Medieval and Baroque periods. But a good thing for Salieri was that most operas still did involve God. Through out Salieri's childhood his father had forbid him to become a composer because in so many words it was a waste of time for him. Normally a father dying would be something bad but being the man Salieri would turn out to be it is understandable that he would take it as gaining his freedom. He would become Gods instrument because he vowed to heath the word of God in his music. He eventually worked his way to be the court composer for Emperor Joseph II. The real jealousy came to him when his dreams were put on hold because Emperor Joseph II asked specifically for Mozart to compose a national opera for Viennese. Salieri found that young Mozart was in fact a prodigy at a concert thrown by Mozart?s patron, the Archbishop of Salzburg. To find that Mozart was in fact a prodigy disappointed Salieri quit obviously. It was in his mind that God had chosen Mozart to ...

Car Parking Slot Allocation System

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Parking in big parking lot can be very challenging and effortful. Even when an indication is provided that a small percentage of slots is still available in the enormous car parks, most drivers do not seem to be able to locate those slots. Car Parking Slot Allocation System is a system that automates the searching and guides drivers on which location is their chosen slot located in the parking area. The system is designed to prevent problems usually associated with parking cars in a certain parking lot. How does it work?When a car is waiting at the entrance, the operator will give the driver the slot card number indicating where to park in the area. This will avoid time delay if there are any cars waiting in the entrance waiting for their turn. How does the system know which parking slot to allocate? The group created a simulation of a parking lot which composed of two separate parking areas – Parking Area A and Parking Area B, an d thus each area is consisting of 40 parking slots. Because there are two parking areas in the parking lot, both of this areas will be applied using Allocation Algorithm.The application of Allocation algorithm in these areas will only allocate the vacant or available slots. Those slots that are not vacant or already occupied will not be allocated anymore and this will be ignored by the system. The purpose of this project is to simulate and implement a real parking lot environment that allocate vacant parking slots using Allocation algorithm. As computer science students, the used and application of algorithm is the most important foundation of the field of Computer Science. Through this algorithm, this will tell the computer to do the task in the most efficient manner.Hence, by applying Allocation algorithm in the group’s study, an effective and efficient solution in the problems of allocating parking slots will be easily located by the system because of the application of al gorithm. In addition, an algorithm is a solution of a problem by a finite sequence of instructions each of which can be performed by a machine. Every computer program is essentially a set of instructions placed in a systematic fashion, that when executed, produce a desired result. The advantages covered in this system will be user interaction, ease f use, and effectiveness in demonstrating Allocation algorithm to those who don’t know much about it. Furthermore, the group hope that through this project, they can improve technological improvement to the car parking establishment in making an efficient and systematic car parking. Statement of the Problem The researchers envision solving the problems by answering the following questions: 1. How does the application of Allocation algorithm will be implemented in the Car Parking Slot Allocation System? 2. How will Allocation algorithm allocate or search vacant slots? 3. Will Allocation algorithm allocate occupied slots? 4.How does the system know which parking slot to allocate? 5. How to simulate the parking areas consisting of 80 slots that applies Allocation algorithm? Objectives of the Study The primary objectives of this study are the following: 1. 2. To implement the application of Allocation algorithm in allocating and searching for vacant or available parking slot. 3. To create and design a sample parking lot that demonstrate the simulation and use of Allocation algorithm. 4. To test and prove that the used of Allocation algorithm in the simulation of the parking areas will be functional, applicable and appropriate. Significance of the StudyThis study will be implemented and expected to give good effects and will be beneficial to the following: For the Operators, this study is significant to the Operators because this will provide a valuable guide to the advantages and disadvantages of the car parking operations. For the Car Drivers, this project easily assists the car drivers in finding parking slot q uickly with no trouble. The system helps to cut down the amount of searching time that drivers spend on looking for an available parking slot. Therefore, through this project, it will save their time by providing instant space availability information and frustration levels.For the Students, they would be able to use this data for them to get the ideas and references if they are planning to conduct the same study. This study could inspire interested students to make their own project or improve and innovate on our project. This helps them enhance their skills and potential in their field of specialization. For the Future Researchers, this project will benefit other group of researchers who wish to undertake similar studies as they can get more background information from the result of the study, which can serve as a basis to modify or improve their own research.For the Proponents, conduting this study is significant to the proponents because it can add knowledge in their field as a computer science student. It also enables them to research more about programming languages and various algorithms which is very essential in their course. Through this study, this also adds significant knowledge and experience to the proponents’ capabilities of making a simulation system. Scope and Delimitation There is no hardware required in the system, the group limit its study on the algorithm used together with the simulation of the parking lot.The group used Allocation algorithm in conducting the study to emphasize the use and its function in the implementation of the system. The group created a simulation of the parking lot so as to indicate the result of the algorithm. In the simulation, a car will run to locate the slot that has been selected. Once the car reaches the correct slot, it will stop and the animation ends there. The purpose of the simulation is to guide the driver to the slot where it is located. The group colored the vacant slots with color white, while the slots that are already occupied are colored with color red.Also in this study, the group included other features which is beneficial in the system such as generation of reports – specifically list of cars report and income report, and the parking payment system. The parking payment system will calculate the total payment of the driver during its parking period. Other than that, this study will not describe problems regarding human decision making or behavior issues. Like, if the driver will park on the wrong slot of fail to follow the operator had recommended, the system will identify the slot that the driver has chosen to be occupied and that the rong slot which the driver had wrongly parked will be noticed as available in the system. Problems like this will arouse conflicts in the parking lot. The solution of this matter will depend on the behavior of the driver. Another consideration in this study is that, if the parking area provides 5 slots, 5 cars can be parked in the area. When the driver forgets to remember where he parked his car in an area, the operator will ask for the plate number of the car and then the system will identify where slot the car was parked. The driver is also able chose whether to follow recommendations provided by the operator of the system or not.The driver is still able to choose any slot he/she likes. This study is also not about creating new parking slots. Once a parking lot is fully loaded, the parking problem remains. There are other solutions to solve that problem, but they are outside the scope of this study. Definitions of Terms Algorithm. It is the central concept of Computer Science. Formally, an algorithm is defined as a well-ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that, when executed, produces a result in a finite amount of time. Algorithms are intended to solve computational problems.Allocation Algorithm. It is an algorithm that will only allocate slots which are vacant or av ailable. Allocated Slot. A slot is called allocated when there is no car parked at the slot, but the system is guiding a car to that specific slot. Cars. This refers to those designed to run primarily on roads, typically have four wheels and is construct principally for the  transportation  of people. Entrance. It is a location in the parking lot where cars can enter in the parking lot. Exit. It is a location in the parking lot where cars can exit or leave in the parking lot.Full. A parking lot is called full or filled, if all the slots are occupied. This means that no slot is vacant. Gray-box Testing. The gray-box testing is a combination of black-box and white-box testing. The intention of this testing is to find out the defects related to bad design or bad implementation of the system. Microsoft Access. It is the database application from the Microsoft Office Suite of applications. Usually abbreviated as MS Access. It is an easy-to-use program for creating and maintaining dat abases. Microsoft Visual Basic 6. It is the third generation ve-driven programming language and integrated environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its COM programming model. Visual Basic is also considered a relatively easy to learn and use programming language, because of its graphical development features and BASIC heritage. Occupied slot. A slot is called occupied if and only if a car is parked on the slot. Parking. It is the act of stopping a vehicle and leaving it unoccupied for more than a brief time. Parking Lot. It is a building or area that contains slots where cars can be parked. A parking lot has at least one entrance and exit. Simulation.It is the imitation of some real thing available, state of affairs, or process. The act of simulating something generally entails representing certain key characteristics or behaviors of a selected physical or abstract system. Slot. A certain amount of space in a car park, often surrounded by white stripes, that can hold exactly one car. Sy stem. It is a collection of elements or components that are organized for a common purpose. Vacant Slot. A slot is called vacant when there is no car parked on the slot, and the system is not guiding any car to this slot at the moment. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIESApparently, this problem is not very new. Siemens already wrote about it in the early 90's and they were already thinking about solutions back than. Concrete results where not found at that time though. Toyota (a car manufacturer from Japan) started developing Parking Guidance and Information (PGI) systems in 1995. It looks like there isn't much guidance though. The users seem to guide themselves, after receiving information about parking intensity around the city. Initiatives like this also arose in other countries but they only indicate an approximation of the number of vacant slot per car park.Related Literature iSpot One of the initiatives out there is iSpot, also referred to as iPark. The creators , four students from Boston University, call it a vision based awareness system. The project identified the exact same problem and tried to find a solution for it. Though the system uses digital cameras to detect whether slots are vacant or not, it does offer single space monitoring as well as parking slot reservation. Parking slot reservation can be compared with the user preference for certain slots.The information about which slot is vacant and which one isn’t is communicated to the user at the entrance using an image of the car park, so the user can choose one of the vacant slots and drive there. Though their system has quite some overlap with the group’s system, there are some problems which are not addressed. First of all, the system uses digital cameras in combination with license plate extraction to detect whether certain slots are occupied, and to keep track of the cars. Though this might sound promising on paper, an initiative like this could get quite some r esistance from organizations which are fighting for privacy.Another problem which is not addressed is the chaos of the crowd. Everybody sees which slots are vacant, but the system does not assign specific cars to specific slots. This could lead to a situation where car A sees a vacant slot on the screen at the entrance, and decides to go there. Car B sees the same vacant slot, because car A did not yet reach that slot, and also decides to choose that one. When car B arrives at the slot, he sees that car A already parked there. Car B is now lost in the big car park and the only way to find himself a vacant slot it to search for it himself in the old fashioned way.This could not only happen for two cars, but as long as the first car did not reach the slot. All but the first of those cars will end up unsatisfied. If this keeps happening, the original problem isn't really solved at all. Cars drive to slots which turn out to be occupied when they arrive. IrisNET Another interesting proje ct is called IrisNET from Intel. The project doesn't have much to do with the group’s problem but defines a platform that connects cheap sensor-nodes, to the monitor. To speed up the acceptance of this platform, Intel created a couple of demo implementations.One of those demo implementations is called the Parking spot Finder. Webcam information from a large network of webcams, can be used for a higher goal, if combined. Feeds from webcams all over a car park, or as Intel states it, all over the city, can be combined to gather information about vacancy of parking slots. What does the demonstration look like? Cheap webcams are pointed to parking slots, or small groups of parking slots. Computers near these webcams can process the information, and determine whether certain parking slots are vacant or not.This information can be fed to the network. Central computers gather all this information via IrisNET and combine it to make a list or vacant parking slots. This list can then b e offered to other services, like Yahoo maps, for example. People could see the vacant slots on their car navigation system using existing technology. It's just a matter of connecting the services via IrisNET. It seems like a complete system, even for a demo implementation. It is not clear whether the problem of guiding multiple cars to the same spot or how to keep a reservation, was solved.Knowing the fact that this is just a demonstration of IrisNET, could mean that the system does not provide these extras. We can conclude that this Parking spot Finder is a great source of inspiration, but not a solution for the parking problem as stated in the previous chapter. EzPARK EzPARK is the name of a company as well as the product they are developing. The mission statement of EzPARK is the following: â€Å"EzPARK is a low-cost, wireless parking lot infrastructure that enables the customers to see the empty spaces at the entrance, and leads them to their vehicles on their way back†. This system seems to satisfy quite some of our requirements. EzPARK does what iSpot does, and on top of that, also leads customers back to their vehicles. Apart from that, the system also gives a hint to the driver, where to park the car, which is a form of guiding him. So if all the cars park where they are told to park, the system would work like the one we want. Unfortunately, that is a significant assumption. Apart from this, it is unclear how the system decides which slot to hint. How does EzPARK solve the problem? When the user enters the car park, he receives 2 RFID tokens and a hint where to park.One of the RFID tokens would be left in the car, to identify the car, and the other one would identity the user itself. The system can associate the two when the user returns for its car. The RFID tag in his car is also used to register whether a parking spot is occupied or not. Combining the availability information of all spots can result in a hint for a new visitor. The entire ca r park will have to be filled with RFID readers, which communicate to each other wireless so all the information of the slot states can be centralized. These wireless units, so called MOTEs, are prefabbed sensor nodes.Apart from the fact that there is no actual guidance during the driving through the car park, this seems to be a very good product to solve the original problem. But the problem remains, what if driver D decides to park on the same spot as driver E, driving in front of him. Driver E would have to go all the way back to the entrance to find a new parking slot, or he could solve it the old fashioned way. And why would the system prefer one spot over another when giving a hint? Related Studies The Urban Parking Finder is another project, done by a small group of students. They tried to find the closest parking spot in an urban setting.Though their report doesn't describe how to measure whether a spot is vacant or not, their simulation works like you would expect. They mad e a bunch of virtual streets with cars parked all over the place, and some vacant slots. A car could drive around within the streets and whenever the user is interested in a parking slot, he can press a button and the system calculates the closest parking slot, as well as the shortest path to that slot, and gives directions to the user to guide him. This solution only solves a small part of our problem but interestingly enough, a part that was not mentioned in the other initiatives.The students don't describe how exactly they calculate the closest parking slot, but it probably looks very much like the â€Å"close to the exit† allocation algorithm. The Parking Space Optimization Service from the University of Zurich describe an e- Parking model where not only the driver and parking lots communicate with the system, but also events and businesses in the neighborhood, payment services etc. The system also takes care of reservations. Cars can identify themselves using Bluetooth w hen they enter or leave the car park. The payment is made automatically when the car leaves the car park.Please note that this system might seem brilliant on paper, the future seems to be far from a living implementation of such a system. Every user should have a properly configured Bluetooth device in his car. Another identification method could be used to solve this though. Apart from the identification issue, the paper does not mention any active guidance. The Parking Meter Supervision System describes an urban non-free parking system. This might not be the kind of system we are looking for, but this is a system that was actually tested in a Japanese city and the results are very promising.The system displays vacant parking spot information around the city so drivers can spend less time searching for a free slot. Without the system 14. 1 cars parked on a slot each day on average. After introducing the system, this increased to 15. 9 cars on a slot on average. These figures show t he need for a parking guidance systems, though the problem might be slightly bigger in urban areas. The Evaluation of Parking Search using Sensor tries to solve the problem a little differently. Sensors are placed within the vehicles. These vehicles gather information while they drive.Vacant slots can be located this way. The information including a location is wirelessly transmitted to other cars within a certain range. These cars retransmit the information to the cars they â€Å"meet†, and so on. If one driver is looking for a vacant slot, he/she will be informed of the existence of that slot by a passing car. All the information expires, so it doesn't leave the surrounding area of the parking slot. Thought this initiative might not directly solve our problem, the approach of the problem is original and worth mentioning. The system was simulated but never built.The IcanPARK is a remote management system for all types of car parks. Each slot is equipped with a little sonar s ystem which determines whether a car is parked on that slot. Signs inform the driver where to find the nearest vacant slot. The entire system can be monitored by an operator, who can check the car park status, make reservations or close certain areas for maintenance. The allocation problem is not addressed in this project. Last but not least, the group found out about Sipark. Sipark is the world's largest Parking Guidance System is in the making at Munich Airport, developed by Siemens.This system monitors each individual parking slot using ultrasound sensors and guides cars to vacant slot using this information. The guiding is done by hundreds of LED displays all over the car park. The solution also includes zone and aisle counting. This means that any vehicles still en route to a parking space are also acquired by the system which avoids guiding too many drivers into a sector that only contained a few unoccupied spaces when the car entered the car park. Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY Method UsedThe researchers’ primary methods in gathering information are through internet research, consultations, and observation and surveys. With these methods, the group is able to gather data on the behavior, practices, opinions, interests and perceptions of the drivers and parking establishment owners and even the parking operator on the existing and the proposed system, and then such data is analyzed, organized and interpreted. The analysis and design which is very crucial in the whole development of the project will be drawn based on the actual data gathered and also with the inputs coming from the group’s IT Consultant.Sources of Data The sources of data that the group used are the methods and techniques applied in gathering informatiion that will formalize the necessities in order to simplify details concerning the application of algorithm and simulation. However, the methods and techniques are not enough for the group, so they had also conducted a research on rela ted literatures and existing studies with regards to the system. For that, related literatues and related studies contributed a lot because this leads them to give answers to some questions they had not understood.On the other hand, the group did have constant discussions with their IT Consulatant and Adviser, in which they suggested their ideas to help the group understand the flow of the system. With this, all gathered facts and information were significantly used for the generation of the system. Procedure of the Study In conducting the study, the group had a discussion on the matter with regards to the development of the car parking simulation system. The group initially identifies the objectives and aims of the study.Then, the group looked for related literature to see whether there are any initiatives like this. Looking for related literatures and studies is the most important step because in doing any project, it gives information and details about a certain study. Next, the group discussed the information gathered from the methods used and from the brief discussion with IT experts, the group are able to recognized and understand the nature of the system to be built. From this, the group are able to identify the software and hardware requirements that will be used for this project.After getting all of the information, the next step is the coding and designing of the simulation of the system which denotes the programming and database interaction. Afterwards, the last step is the integration of both algorithm of the system and then test whether the system achieve the goal or not and make an analysis of the project result. Requirements and Specifications For the research component of this project, access to the library’s resources and the Internet will be critical. More importantly, this project involves a significant coding component.All coding for this project will be done in Visual Basic 6, and, where necessary, the group used the Adobe Shockwave Flash 8 as a tool to display the car parking simulation interaction. Access to a decent computer with Microsoft Visual Runtime Library and glut libraries installed will be essential. Microsoft Acces is used as the database of the system. No special hardware will be required. However, a faster computer (Pentium 500 or better) will help speed up the testing phases of the project, and a good graphics card 9GeForce or better) will ensure a smooth animation to see car parking simulator in operation.Approaches and Algorithm The goal of the project is to implement a parking lot simulation system that simulates car parking operations which guide drivers to a vacant parking slot. The focus will be on applying Allocation algorithm on the system which will determine and allocate the vacant slots. Allocation algorithm is noted for its performance and accuracy, it enjoys widespread used and it is widely used in pathfinding and graph traversal, the process of plotting an effeciently traversable path between points, called nodes. Peter Hart, Nils Nillson and Bertram Raphael first described the algorithm in 1968.Meaning, by applying this algorithm to the system, it will only allocate those slots which are vacant or available. Those slots which are already occupied will be unnoticed and will be ignored by the system. Though this algorithm will not be very sophisticated and not very complex, it just allocates vacant slots. The group finds that the application of Allocation algorithm is very interesting in the simulation of the system. In the  development process, the group had used the  top-down approach which play a key role in this project.The top-down approach emphasize planning and a complete understanding of the system. Top-down approach is the process of breaking the overall procedure or task into component parts and then subdivide each component module until the lowest level of detail has been reached. It is called top-down approach since it starts â€Å"at the top † with a general problem and design specific solutions to its sub problems. Using this method, a complex problem is separated into simpler parts, which can be programmed easily. Software Design and ProgrammingIn the software design and programming, the design is performed in a visualize and detailed manner, code generation of the system was accomplished without much complication. For this reason, the group used a high level programming language like the Microsoft Visual Basic 6. 0 for the coding and design of the system. With respect to the type of application, the right programming language is chosen essentially by the group for its graphical environment and ease of use. Implementation Besides the practical implementations of the system, the problem can also be used for theoretical purposes.In both the practical and theoretical implementations the time it takes to solve the problem has been essential. In certain instances, it has been proven that in order to solve the problem (to an optimum) an excessive amount of time is required. For such instances we have come to rely on algorithms that sacrifice the quality of the solution in favour of reducing the solving time. Testing Procedure In the testing procedure, the group tested the performance of the system according to the program made. The group used the gray-box testing. The gray-box testing is combination of black-box and white-box testing.The intention of this testing is to find out the defects related to bad design or bad implementation of the system. This means, every after coding and design of the system, application of gray-box testing takes place. The group designed test cases based upon their knowledge of the system. For example, the group consider a hypothetical case wherein they have to test the Allocation algorithm if it works as it was designed in the simulation of the parking lot. And after that by means of testing, it integrates as each feature is added in the system.Since the project is a computer program, testing included debugging the code and running through the program to make sure that it did what it was intended. The group used the gray-box testing because it is non-intrusive, it is not biased, and it applies straight forward technique of testing. The group makes sure that the system will work properly and accurately, and that through the use of gray-box testing, it will minimize and eliminate any errors that will interrupt in the system. TimeLine ID| Task| Start| Finish| Duration| 1| Project Proposal| 6/20/2011| 6/24/2011| 4 days| | Project Title Approval| 6/27/2011| 6/29/2011| 2 days| 3| Planning ; Analysis| 7/1/2011| 7/9/2011| 8 days| 4| Initial Data Gathering| 7/11/2011| 7/29/2011| 18 days| 5| Data Modeling| 8/2/2011| 8/13/2011| 11 days| 6| Problem Modeling| 8/15/2011| 8/22/2011| 7 days| 7| Project Objectives| 8/17/2011| 8/27/2011| 10 days| 8| Document Analysis| 9/5/2011| 9/30/2011| 25 days| 9| Algorithm| 10/3/2011| 10/15/2011| 12 days| 10| Final Project Documentation| 10/13/2011| 10/20/2011| 7 days| 11| Project Defense| 10/22/2011| 10/22/2011| 1 day| 2| System Modeling ; Requirements| 11/7/2011| 11/19/2011| 12 days| 13| System Coding| 11/28/2011| 2/13/2012| 77 days| 14| Database Implementation| 12/5/2011| 1/30/2012| 53 days| 15| Animation| 12/12/2011| 2/4/2012| 54 days| 16| System Analysis ; Design| 1/16/2012| 2/13/2012| 28 days| 17| System Testing ; Finalization| 2/17/2012| 2/25/2012| 13 days| 18| Final Documentation| 2/13/2012| 2/25/2012| 12 days| 19| Project PPT Presentation| 2/23/2012| 2/26/2012| 3 days| 20| Final Defense| 2/28/2012| 2/28/2012| 1 day| Chapter 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Results and DiscussionsAfter the group studied and identified the objectives, problems and solutions, the function of the system, the programming language used and the current program it has, the implementation of Allocation algorithm takes place. At first, the group conducted several studies and researches on what approaches and algorithm were ap propriate and compatible to the system to minimize the time of searching and allocating vacant slots. The group gathered all the necessary facts and came up to the use of one programming approach that has proven to be most productive, it is called the top-down approach.The top-down approach is the process of breaking the overall procedure or task into component parts and then subdivide each component module until the lowest level of detail has been reached. It is called top-down approach since it starts â€Å"at the top† with a general problem and design specific solutions to its sub problems. Using this method, a complex problem is separated into simpler parts, which can be programmed easily. Then, after gathering information and applying the to-down approach, the group started to program and apply the algorithm that was planned to be used.The program codes was initialized to integrate the simulation and the other features of the system that where also incorporated with the group’s objectives. In the simulation of the system, the group started by determining the number of slots and came up with 80 slots. The group divide this 80 slots into two, making it 40 slots per area. There are two areas, parking area A and Parking area B. Parking area A and Parking Area B both occupies the Allocation algorithm. Filled or occupied parking slot are colored with red, while the vacant or available parking slot are colored with white.In the Parking Areas, both applies the Allocation algorithm where it only search and allocate the vacant slots. The slots which are not vacant will not be recognize because they are already occupied. For example, if parking slot 1A is already occupied, the slot will turned into red for indication that it is not anymore available. The system is responsible for choosing the parking slot available and will automatically print out the slot card number. If the driver is waiting in the parking lot, waiting for his turn to get inside, the operator will give the driver a printed slot card number so as to identify which area is the slot located.The good thing here is that, it will lessen the time of waiting and avoid time delay. The designing and development of the simulation was also very crucial for this will be the basis of implementing the Allocation algorithm. In the simulation, the car will locate the slot that has been selected, this serves as a guidance to the driver in locating the selected slot. Apart from this, other features of the system where also implemented such features are the payment system and generation of reports. These features are also very important for this will be very beneficial to the operator and the owner of the parking lot establishment.The calculation of payment is through the rate per minute. This will calculate the time of entry in the parking lot, the duration of parking in the parking area until the car leaves the area. With this, the generation of income report is conducted since it is incorporated with the payment. Another generation of report is the list of cars, this are the records of all the cars that had park in the parking lot. The operator could view and print these reports daily, weekly, monthly, annualy or any days the operator wants.After implementing the simulation, the payment system and the generation of reports, the next thing the group implemented is the database of the system. The database is one of the most critical and sensitive part. The construction of the tables and the amount of data will either make or break the entire application. The database of the system is not quite large but the group make sure that the database will not be very complicated and complex. Upon database completion, technical and trial and error analysis were carried out by the group to remove glitches in the animation and also in the programming.Thus, through further study, implementation, analysis, and a series of testing of the entire system the group was able to achieve its goals and objectives. Chapter 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary There are various concepts in computer science which can be compared when searching, allocating and choosing the right parking slot. This concept is through the algorithm used. The algorithm used in this study is the Allocation algorithm. This algorithm allocates the parking slot that are vacant or available. Parking slots that are occupied will be ignored and will not be allocated by the system.The Allocation algorithm was initially analyzed, before implementing to the simulation system. A cost function is created to measure which of these algorithms would give better results under which circumstances. This cost function measured and calculate the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm used, and so the different algorithm was compared under different situation. Differences are small but there is quite something to win over the old situation where no guidance were given. The implementatio n of the Allocation algorithm along with the simulation of the parking lot can mimic most legal car movements.The simulation was created and tested and this seems to imitates the drivers preferences of choosing the parking slot and locate the slot directly. To summarize, the group implemented and tested the system succesfully, and met its desired goals and objectives of the project. Conclusions After a series of crucial programming and designing of the system, trial and error, and evaluating different allocation strategies, there are several conclusions to draw. The system met its desired expectations on the project.The system can now search and allocate which slots are available and occupied using the Allocation algorithm. The other features of the system such as the payment system and generation of reports was also implemented and can now be easy to managed because the system administrates the reality of the actual car parking lot. The slot that is chosen by the driver will get oc cupied as soon as he enters the parking lot. However, the group did not find a method to prevent neglecting of recommendations or choices of the driver, or in cases when the driver forgets which slot was recommended to him.In situations like this, whenever a driver might decide to neglect a recommendation or either his preferred choice of slot, this has a big influence on the system, but this is a matter of the driver’s behavior. Because there was no actual parking lot to run tests on, the group implemented a parking lot simulation. The animation is relatively simple but it depict every step in developing Allocation algorithm. Nonetheless, before the animation takes place, some conditions must be met. The animation was done by using the Adobe Shockwave Flash 8, showing a graphical representation of the parking lot that communicates with the system.The simulation can model the most basic movements in a parking lot and the recommendation system can â€Å"real-time† adapt to new situations. The simulation is a tool to demonstrate the work of the different algorithms used by the group. Recommendations The system has many capabilities that the group did not include due to lack of time and budget of materials. Some of this is the printing of receipt of the payment system. The group would like to have the printer receipt but was too expensive. Along with that, the future researchers could also enhance the simulation of the system, like creating more slots and making more entrances and exits.Also for future recommendations, there are many rooms for improvement to ensure the reliability and impeccability of the system. A potential approach of enhancing the system is to implement the security system such as image processing technique so that security and safety in the parking lot is rest assured. This could be very helpful since safety is very important nowadays. And thus, the group would like to recommend the application of image compression algorithm for this will be very effective in a way of capturing images from time to time. Aside from that, another recommendation for future researchers is the reservation system.The reservation system does not take drivers preferences into account yet, but people or the drivers specifically could be able to make a reservation over the internet and this reservation could be linked to the licensed plate number of their car. So, these are just some of the recommendations that the group would like to commend on future reasearchers who are interested in making the study in a different manner. Chapter 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY Internet Sources: [1]Caldrera International Inc. (February 11, 2003) Allocation Algorithm. Retrieved, January 18, 2012. From www. osr507doc. sco. com/en/tools/ld_alloc. html web address. 2]G. P. Kegel (March 2009) The Parking Spot Finder. Retrieved, October 10, 2011. From www. alexandria. tue. nl/extra1/afstversl/wsk-i/kegel2009 web address. [3]Lou Tylee (1998) Learn Microsoft Visual Basi c 6. 0. Retrieved, November 17, 2011. From www. thainguyen. edu. vn/Thanhvien/c2bachquangsc web address. [4]Ningyuan Chen (September 2011) Simple Parking Lot Management System. Retrieved, August 3, 2011. From www. publications. theseus. final/handle/134024 web address. [5]Ramdeo Anand (May 5, 2010) Gray-box Testing. Retrieved, February 15, 2012. From http://www. testinggeek. com/gray-box-testing web address. 6]Rochester Institute of Technology (December 6, 2001) Best-Fit Allocation Algorithm. Retrieved, January 5, 2012. From www. cs. rit. edu/~ark/lectures/gc/03_03_03. html web address. [7]Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia (March 2011) Allocation Algorithm. Retrieved, September 29, 2011. From http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Allocation_algorithm web address. [8]Wikipedia – The Free Encyclopedia (June 2011) Top-down Approach. Retrieved, January 10, 2012. From http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Top_down_approach web address. Chapter 7 APPENDICES Screen Shots Fig. 1: Main Form (Parking Area A) Fig. 2: Main Form (Parking Area B) Fig. : Login Form Fig. 4: Slot Card Form Fig. 5: Out Car Form Fig. 6: Payment Rate Form Fig. 7: Account Setting Form Fig. 8: Database Form Fig. 9: Logout Form REPORTS: Fig. 10: Car List Report Form Fig. 11: Income Report Form Source Code ModPark________________________________________________________________ Global CON As ADODB. Connection Public RSpark As ADODB. Recordset Sub main() Set CON = New ADODB. Connection CON. Open â€Å"Provider=Microsoft. JET. OLEDB. 4. 0;data source = † ; App. Path ; â€Å"db. mdb;† ; â€Å"jet oledb:database password=ParkMe;† Load frmMain frmMain. Show vbModeless Load frmLogin frmLogin. Show vbModelessEnd Sub frmMain________________________________________________________________ Dim x, y, z, s, ok As Integer Dim hold, m As String Private Sub cmdPlay_Click() On Error GoTo PlayERR If hold = â€Å"† Then Exit Sub If cmdPlay. Caption = â€Å"PLAY Animated Parking† Then cmdSearch. Enabled = False cmdPark. Enabled = False If Right(hold, 1) = â€Å"A† Then swf1. LoadMovie 0, App. Path ; â€Å"SWF† ; hold ; â€Å". swf† ElseIf Right(hold, 1) = â€Å"B† Then swf2. LoadMovie 0, App. Path ; â€Å"SWF† ; hold ; â€Å". swf† End If For s = 1 To 40 lblcar2(s). Enabled = False lblCar1(s). Enabled = False Next cmdPlay. Caption = â€Å"STOP Animated Parking†ElseIf cmdPlay. Caption = â€Å"STOP Animated Parking† Then cmdSearch. Enabled = True cmdPark. Enabled = True If Right(hold, 1) = â€Å"A† Then swf1. LoadMovie 0, App. Path ; â€Å"SWF† ; † . swf† ElseIf Right(hold, 1) = â€Å"B† Then swf2. LoadMovie 0, App. Path ; â€Å"SWF† ; † . swf† End If For s = 1 To 40 lblcar2(s). Enabled = True lblCar1(s). Enabled = True Next cmdPlay. Caption = â€Å"PLAY Animated Parking† End If PlayERR: End Sub Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) If MsgBox(â₠¬Å"Are you sure you want to exit? â€Å", vbYesNo, â€Å"System Exit†) = vbYes Then Me. Enabled = False Load frmLogOut frmLogOut. Show vbModeless End If Cancel = 1End Sub Private Sub lblCar1_Click(Index As Integer) For x = 1 To 40 If lblcar2(x). BackColor = vbYellow Then MsgBox â€Å"There is a selected slot in Parking Area B. Please deselect it first by double-clicking the yellow slot before continuing. â€Å", _ vbOKOnly, â€Å"Parking Area B Error† Exit Sub End If Next If lblCar1(Index). BackColor vbRed Then lblCar1(Index). BackColor = vbYellow hold = Index & â€Å"A† ElseIf lblCar1(Index). BackColor = vbRed Then hold = â€Å"† End If x = Index nump = x For Index = 1 To 40 If Index x Then If lblCar1(Index). BackColor vbRed Then lblCar1(Index). BackColor = vbWhite End If End IfNext End Sub Private Sub lblcar2_Click(Index As Integer) For x = 1 To 40 If lblCar1(x). BackColor = vbYellow Then MsgBox â€Å"There is a selected slot in Parking Area A. P lease deselect it first by double-clicking the yellow slot before continuing. â€Å", _ vbOKOnly, â€Å"Parking Area A Error† Exit Sub End If Next If lblcar2(Index). BackColor vbRed Then lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbYellow hold = Index & â€Å"B† ElseIf lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbRed Then hold = â€Å"† End If x = Index nump = x For Index = 1 To 40 If Index x Then If lblcar2(Index). BackColor vbRed Then lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbWhite End IfEnd If Next End Sub Private Sub lblcar2_DblClick(Index As Integer) If lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbRed Then Load frmOut frmOut. lblout. Caption = lblcar2(Index). Caption frmOut. Show vbModeless Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where SlotNo='† & lblcar2(Index). Caption & â€Å"‘†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark frmOut. txtPlate1. Text = Left(! PlateNo, 3) frmOut. txtPlate2. Text = Right(! PlateNo, 3) frmOut. lblTI = ! TimeIn End With Me . Enabled = False Exit Sub End If lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbWhite hold = â€Å"† End Sub Private Sub lblCar1_DblClick(Index As Integer)If lblCar1(Index). BackColor = vbRed Then Load frmOut frmOut. lblout. Caption = lblCar1(Index). Caption frmOut. Show vbModeless Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where SlotNo='† & lblCar1(Index). Caption & â€Å"‘†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark frmOut. txtPlate1. Text = Left(! PlateNo, 3) frmOut. txtPlate2. Text = Right(! PlateNo, 3) frmOut. lblTI = ! TimeIn End With Me. Enabled = False Exit Sub End If lblcar2(Index). BackColor = vbWhite End Sub Private Sub mnuChange_Click() If user = â€Å"Operator† Then MsgBox â€Å"Permission denied! Please contact the Administrator. , vbInformation, â€Å"Administrator Only† Exit Sub End If Me. Enabled = False Load frmAccount frmAccount. Show vbModeless End Sub Private Sub mnuDB_Click() If user = â€Å"Opera tor† Then MsgBox â€Å"Permission denied! Please contact the Administrator. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Administrator Only† Exit Sub End If Me. Enabled = False Load frmDB frmDB. Show vbModeless frmDB. Height = 980 frmDB. Width = 7300 End Sub Private Sub mnuLogout_Click() Load frmLogin frmLogin. Show vbModeless End Sub Private Sub mnuExit_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub mnuIncome_Click() Me. Enabled = False Load frmReport frmReport. Show vbModeless frmReport.Caption = â€Å"Income Report† End Sub Private Sub mnuList_Click() Me. Enabled = False Load frmReport frmReport. Show vbModeless frmReport. Caption = â€Å"Car List Report† End Sub Private Sub mnuLost_Click() Me. Enabled = False Load frmOut frmOut. Show vbmdeless frmOut. txtPlate1. Enabled = True frmOut. txtPlate2. Enabled = True frmOut. cmdSLost. Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub mnuRate_Click() If user = â€Å"Operator† Then MsgBox â€Å"Permission denied! Please contact the Administ rator. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Administrator Only† Exit Sub End If Me. Enabled = False Load frmRate frmRate. Show vbModeless End Sub Private Sub Timer1_Timer() blday. Caption = Format(Now, â€Å"dd mmmm yyyy†) lbltime. Caption = Format(Now, â€Å"hh:mm:ss AMPM†) End Sub Private Sub txtPlate1_Change() If Len(txtPlate1. Text) = 3 Then txtPlate2. SetFocus End If End Sub Private Sub txtPlate1_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = vbKeyBack Then Exit Sub If KeyAscii ; vbKeyA Or KeyAscii ; vbKeyZ Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub txtPlate2_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = vbKeyBack Then Exit Sub If KeyAscii ; vbKey0 Or KeyAscii ; vbKey9 Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub cmdPark_Click() If Len(txtPlate1. Text) ; 3 Or Len(txtPlate2.Text) ; 3 Then Exit Sub Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where PlateNo='† ; txtPlate1. Text ; â€Å"-† ; txtPlate2. Text ; â€Å"‘â₠¬ , CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockPessimistic With RSpark If ! TimeOut = â€Å"-† Then MsgBox â€Å"The inputed plate number already exist. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Ops! † Exit Sub End If End With ok = 0 For z = 1 To 40 If lblcar2(z). BackColor = vbYellow Or lblCar1(z). BackColor = vbYellow Then z = 40 ok = 1 End If Next If ok = 1 Then Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockPessimistic With RSpark .AddNew Date = Format(Now, â€Å"dd mm yyyy†) !PlateNo = txtPlate1. Text ; â€Å"-† ; txtPlate2. Text ! TimeIn = Format(Now, â€Å"hh:mm ampm†) !TimeOut = â€Å"-† !SlotNo = hold !Amount = â€Å"0† .Update hold = â€Å"† End With Call DataPut Call Check txtPlate2. Text = â€Å"† txtPlate1. Text = â€Å"† lblS. Caption = â€Å"—† cmdSearch. Caption = â€Å"Search† txtPlate1. SetFocus End If End Sub Sub DataPut() lv1. ListItems. Cl ear lv2. ListItems. Clear Dim d, y, holdDate As Variant Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where TimeOut='† ; â€Å"-† ; â€Å"‘†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark Do While Not .EOF d = Left(! Date, 2) m = Mid(! Date, 4, 2) Call month y = Right(! Date, 4) holdDate = d ; † † ; m ; † † ; y If Right(! SlotNo, 1) = â€Å"A† Then Set k = lv1. ListItems. Add(, , holdDate) k. SubItems(1) = ! PlateNo k. SubItems(2) = ! TimeIn k. SubItems(3) = ! SlotNo ElseIf Right(! SlotNo, 1) = â€Å"B† Then Set k = lv2. ListItems. Add(, , holdDate) k. SubItems(1) = ! PlateNo k. SubItems(2) = ! TimeIn k. SubItems(3) = ! SlotNo End If .MoveNext Loop End With End Sub Sub month() Select Case m Case â€Å"01† m = â€Å"Jan† Case â€Å"02† m = â€Å"Feb† Case â€Å"03† m = â€Å"Mar† Case â€Å"04† m = â€Å"Apr† Case â€Å"05† m = â€Å"May†Case â€Å"06† m = â€Å"Jun† Case â€Å"07† m = â€Å"Jul† Case â€Å"08† m = â€Å"Aug† Case â€Å"09† m = â€Å"Sep† Case â€Å"10† m = â€Å"Oct† Case â€Å"11† m = â€Å"Nov† Case â€Å"12† m = â€Å"Dec† End Select End Sub Sub Check() For x = 1 To 40 lblcar2(x). BackColor = vbWhite lblCar1(x). BackColor = vbWhite Next Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If RSpark. RecordCount ; 0 Then Do While Not RSpark. EOF For x = 1 To 40 If lblcar2(x). Caption = RSpark! SlotNo Then lblcar2(x). BackColor = vbRed ElseIf lblCar1(x). Caption = RSpark! SlotNo Then lblCar1(x). BackColor = vbRed End If Next RSpark. MoveNext LoopEnd If End Sub frmLogin_______________________________________________________________ Private Sub cmdExit_Click() If MsgBox(â€Å"Are you sure you want to exit? â€Å", vbY esNo, â€Å"System Exit†) = vbYes Then Unload Me End Else Cancel = 1 End If End Sub Private Sub cmdGO_Click() Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblAccount†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If txtPass. Text = RSpark! Password And txtUser. Text = RSpark! UserName Then Unload Me frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show vbModeless Else MsgBox â€Å"Incorrect Username or Password. Please try again! â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Login Error† txtPass. Text = â€Å"† xtUser. Text = â€Å"† txtUser. SetFocus End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Me. Icon = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"ParkMe. ico†) imgLogin. Picture = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"GraphicLogIn. jpg†) Dim mByte() As Byte Open App. Path ; â€Å"Park. dat† For Binary As #1 Open â€Å"C:WINDOWSdb. mdb† For Binary As #2 ReDim mByte(0 To LOF(1)) Get #1, , mByte() Put #2, , mByte() Close #1 Close #2 End Sub frmSlotPrint______________ _____________________________________________ Private Sub Form_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) lblEnter. Visible = False Dim f, w As Integer Me. PrintForm If KeyAscii = vbKeyReturn Or KeyAscii = 13 ThenIf MsgBox(â€Å"Is there an approaching car? â€Å", vbYesNo, â€Å"Parking Slot†) = vbYes Then If Right(lblSlot. Caption, 1) = â€Å"A† Then back1: nump = nump + 1 If nump = 41 Then nump = 1 End If If frmMain. lblCar1(nump). BackColor = vbRed Then w = 0 For f = 1 To 40 If frmMain. lblCar1(f). BackColor = vbRed Then w = w + 1 If w = 40 Then MsgBox â€Å"There are no more vacant parking slot! â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Parking Area A Error† Unload Me frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show frmMain. txtPlate1. SetFocus Exit Sub End If End If Next GoTo back1 End If frmMain. lblCar1(nump). BackColor = vbYellow hold = nump & â€Å"A† ElseIf Right(lblSlot.Caption, 1) = â€Å"B† Then back2: nump = nump + 1 If nump = 41 Then nump = 1 End If If frmMain. lbl car2(nump). BackColor = vbRed Then w = 0 For f = 1 To 40 If frmMain. lblCar1(f). BackColor = vbRed Then w = w + 1 If w = 40 Then MsgBox â€Å"There are no more vacant parking slot! â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Parking Area B Error† Unload Me frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show frmMain. txtPlate1. SetFocus Exit Sub End If End If Next GoTo back2 End If frmMain. lblcar2(nump). BackColor = vbYellow hold = nump & â€Å"B† End If End If End If Me. Enabled = False Unload Me frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show frmMain. txtPlate1. SetFocus End Sub rmOut_________________________________________________________________ Dim dumm, hold, hold1, hold2 As Single Dim hr, min As Variant Private Sub cmdCancel_Click() frmMain. Enabled = True Unload Me End Sub Private Sub cmdChange_Click() On Error GoTo Err txtAmount. Text = Format(txtAmount, â€Å"####0. 00†) txtChange. Text = Format(txtAmount – dumm, â€Å"####0. 00†) If Left(txtChange. Text, 1) = â€Å"-† Then txtChange. Text = Right(txtChange. Text, 5) MsgBox â€Å"The amount paid is not enough! The amount lack P† & txtChange. Text, vbExclamation, â€Å"Payment Error† txtChange. Text = â€Å"† End If Err: End Sub Private Sub cmdCompute_Click()Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblRate†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If lblout. Caption = â€Å"—† Then Exit Sub lblTO. Caption = Format(Now, â€Å"hh:mm ampm†) hold1 = Left(lblTI. Caption, 2) * 60 hold1 = hold1 + Mid(lblTI. Caption, 4, 2) hold2 = Left(lblTO. Caption, 2) * 60 hold2 = hold2 + Mid(lblTO. Caption, 4, 2) If hold2 < hold1 Then hold2 = hold2 + 720 End If dumm = hold2 – hold1 If dumm > 60 Then hold = dumm / 60 hr = hold If Mid(hold, 2, 1) = â€Å". † Then hr = Left(hold, 1) ElseIf Mid(hold, 3, 1) = â€Å". † Then hr = Left(hold, 2) End If hold = hr * 60 min = dumm – hold lblTotal.Caption = hr ; â€Å"hr/s and â €  ; min ; â€Å"min/s† Else lblTotal. Caption = dumm ; † min/s† End If dumm = Format(dumm, â€Å"####0. 00†) * RSpark! Rate lblPay. Caption = Format(dumm, â€Å"####0. 00†) End Sub Private Sub cmdOut_Click() If lblTI. Caption = â€Å"† Then MsgBox â€Å"No plate number was found! Please check the correct plate number again. â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Plate Number Error† Exit Sub End If If txtChange. Text = â€Å"† Then MsgBox â€Å"Please pay the parking payment first. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Payment Error† Exit Sub End If Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where SlotNo='† ; lblout.Caption ; â€Å"‘†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark !TimeOut = lblTO. Caption !SlotNo = lblout. Caption ; â€Å". † !TimePark = lblTotal. Caption !Amount = lblPay. Caption .Update End With frmMain. lblS. Caption = â€Å"—† frmMain. cmd Search. Caption = â€Å"Search† frmMain. Enabled = True Call frmMain. DataPut Call frmMain. Check frmMain. Show Unload Me End Sub Private Sub cmdSLost_Click() Dim dum As String dum = txtPlate1. Text ; â€Å"-† ; txtPlate2. Text Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark where PlateNo='† ; dum ; â€Å"‘†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark lblout.Caption = ! SlotNo lblTI. Caption = ! TimeIn End With If lblout. Caption = â€Å"† Or Right(lblout. Caption, 1) = â€Å". † Then lblout. Caption = â€Å"—† lblTI. Caption = â€Å"† MsgBox â€Å"Please type the plate number and click the Search button to out the car. â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Out Car Error† End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Me. Icon = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"ParkMe. ico†) imgOut. Picture = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"GraphicLogIn. jpg†) End Sub Private Sub txtAmount_KeyPress( KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = vbKeyBack Or KeyAscii = 46 Then Exit Sub If KeyAscii ; vbKey0 Or KeyAscii ; vbKey9 Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End SubPrivate Sub txtPlate1_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = vbKeyBack Then Exit Sub If KeyAscii ; vbKeyA Or KeyAscii ; vbKeyZ Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub txtPlate2_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer) If KeyAscii = vbKeyBack Then Exit Sub If KeyAscii ; vbKey0 Or KeyAscii ; vbKey9 Then KeyAscii = 0 End If End Sub frmRate________________________________________________________________ Private Sub cmdCancel_Click() frmMain. Enabled = True Unload Me End Sub Private Sub cmdSave_Click() Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblAccount†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If txtRate.Text = RSpark! Password Then Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblRate†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic RSpark! Rate = txtNew. Text RSpark. Update MsgBox â€Å"Your new rate is † ; txtNew. Text, â€Å". â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Rate Status† frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show Unload Me Exit Sub End If MsgBox â€Å"Incorrect Password! Please enter the correct password again. â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Password Error† txtRate. Text = â€Å"† txtRate. SetFocus End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Me. Icon = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"ParkMe. ico†) imgRate. Picture = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"GraphicLogIn. pg†) Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblRate†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic txtCurrent. Text = RSpark! Rate End Sub frmDB__________________________________________________________________ Dim x As Integer Private Sub cmdClear_Click() x = 0 lblDB. Caption = â€Å"† If MsgBox(â€Å"Warning! All data will be permanently deleted. Are you sure you want to continue? â€Å", vbYesNo, â€Å"Data Removal†) = vbYes Then Set RSpark = New A DODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If RSpark. RecordCount ; 0 Then Do While Not RSpark. EOF RSpark. Delete adAffectCurrentRSpark. Update RSpark. MoveNext Loop x = 0 lblDB. Caption = â€Å"† Call loadDB Call frmMain. DataPut Call frmMain. Check End If Else Cancel = 1 End If End Sub Private Sub cmdConfirm_Click() Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblAccount†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If txtPass. Text = RSpark! Password And txtUser. Text = RSpark! UserName Then Me. Height = 9150 Me. Width = 7530 cmdConfirm. Visible = False txtUser. Enabled = False txtPass. Enabled = False Call loadDB Else MsgBox † Incorrect username or password. Please try again! â€Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Administrator† txtPass. Text = â€Å"† txtUser. Text = â€Å"† xtUser. SetFocus End If End Sub Sub loadDB() ListView1. ListItems. Clear Set RSpark = New ADODB. Rec ordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic With RSpark Do While Not . EOF Set k = ListView1. ListItems. Add(, , ! Date) k. SubItems(1) = ! PlateNo k. SubItems(2) = ! TimeIn k. SubItems(3) = ! TimeOut k. SubItems(4) = ! SlotNo .MoveNext Loop End With End Sub Private Sub cmdDelete_Click() If x = 0 Then Exit Sub Dim d As Integer d = 1 If MsgBox(â€Å"Warning! Are you sure you want to delete this data? â€Å", vbYesNo, â€Å"Data Removal†) = vbYes Then Set RSpark = New ADODB. RecordsetRSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If RSpark. RecordCount ; 0 Then Do While Not RSpark. EOF If x = d Then RSpark. Delete adAffectCurrent RSpark. Update x = 0 lblDB. Caption = â€Å"† End If d = d + 1 RSpark. MoveNext Loop End If Call loadDB Call frmMain. DataPut Call frmMain. Check Else Cancel = 1 End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Me. Icon = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"ParkMe. icoâ⠂¬ ) x = 0 End Sub Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) Unload Me frmMain. Enabled = True frmMain. Show vbModeless End Sub Private Sub ListView1_ItemClick(ByVal Item As MSComctlLib. ListItem) x = ListView1.SelectedItem. Index lblDB. Caption = â€Å"Database line † ; x End Sub frmReport______________________________________________________________ Dim RStemp As ADODB. Recordset Dim CRrep As CRAXDRT. Report Dim CRapp As CRAXDRT. Application Dim sel1, sel2, hold, mn, dy, yr As String Dim d, d1, d2, m, m1, m2, y, y1, y2, fin As Variant Dim pay As Single Private Sub cmdView_Click() On Error GoTo Err If lblMV1. Caption = â€Å"† Or lblMV2. Caption = â€Å"† Then MsgBox â€Å"Please select the appropriate date of report you want to display. â€Å", vbInformation, â€Å"Report Advisory† Exit Sub ElseIf m1 ; m2 And y1 = y2 Or y1 ; y2 Or m1 = m2 And y1 = y2And d1 ; d2 Then MsgBox â€Å"Invalid date range! Please select the appropriate range of date. †Å", vbExclamation, â€Å"Report Advisory† Exit Sub End If lblLoad. Caption = â€Å">> Loading†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. † Screen. MousePointer = vbHourglass Set RStemp = New ADODB. Recordset RStemp. Open â€Å"select * from tblTemp†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic If RStemp. RecordCount ; 0 Then Do While Not RStemp. EOF RStemp. Delete adAffectCurrent RStemp. Update RStemp. MoveNext Loop End If If Me. Caption = â€Å"Car List Report† Then Set CRrep = CRapp. OpenReport(App. Path ; â€Å"CarList. rpt†) ElseIf Me. Caption = â€Å"Income Report† Then Set CRrep = CRapp.OpenReport(App. Path ; â€Å"Income. rpt†) End If Set RSpark = New ADODB. Recordset Set RStemp = New ADODB. Recordset RSpark. Open â€Å"select * from tblPark†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic RStemp. Open â€Å"select * from tblTemp†, CON, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic pay = 0 pay = Format(pay, â€Å"#####0. 00†³) Do While Not RSpark. EOF d = Left(RSpark! Date, 2) m = Mid(RSpark! Date, 4, 2) y = Right(rsparkDate, 4) If y1 = y2 Then If m1 = m2 And d = d1 And d = d2 And m = m1 And m = m2 Or _ m1 = m2 And m = m1 And m = m2 And d1 ;; d2 And d ;= d1 And d ;= d2 Or _ m1 ;; m2 And m = m1 And d ;= d1 Or _ 1 ;; m2 And m ; m1 And m ; m2 Or _ m1 ;; m2 And m = m2 And d ;= d2 And y = y1 Then RStemp. AddNew dy = Left(RSpark! Date, 2) mn = Mid(RSpark! Date, 4, 2) Call month yr = Right(RSpark! Date, 4) hold = dy ; † † ; mn ; † † ; yr RStemp! Date = hold RStemp! PlateNo = RSpark! PlateNo RStemp! TimeIn = RSpark! TimeIn RStemp! TimeOut = RSpark! TimeOut RStemp! SlotNo = RSpark! SlotNo RStemp! TimePark = RSpark! TimePark RStemp! Amount = RSpark! Amount RStemp. Update pay = pay + RSpark! Amount End If ElseIf y1 ; y2 Then If m1 ;; m2 And m = m1 And d ;= d1 Or _ 1 ;; m2 And m ; m1 Or _ m1 ;; m2 And m1 ; m And m ; m2 Or _ m1 ;; m2 And m = m2 And d ;= d2 Or _ m1 = m2 And m = m1 And d ;= d1 Or _ m1 = m2 And m ; m1 Or _ m1 = m2 And m ; m2 Or _ m1 = m2 And m = m2 And d ;= d2 And y ; y1 Then RStemp. AddNew dy = Left(RSpark! Date, 2) mn = Mid(RSpark! Date, 4, 2) Call month yr = Right(RSpark! Date, 4) hold = dy ; † † ; mn ; † † ; yr RStemp! Date = hold RStemp! PlateNo = RSpark! PlateNo RStemp! TimeIn = RSpark! TimeIn RStemp! TimeOut = RSpark! TimeOut RStemp! SlotNo = RSpark! SlotNo RStemp! TimePark = RSpark! TimeParkRStemp! Amount = RSpark! Amount RStemp. Update pay = pay + RSpark! Amount End If End If RSpark. MoveNext Loop fin = Format(pay, â€Å"#####0. 00†) If Me. Caption = â€Å"Income Report† Then CRrep. Sections(4). ReportObjects(â€Å"crtxtTotal†). SetText fin End If If lblMV1. Caption = lblMV2. Caption Then fin = lblMV1. Caption Else fin = lblMV1. Caption ; † – † ; lblMV2. Caption End If CRrep. Sections(1). ReportObjects(â€Å"crtxtDate†). SetText fin CRrep. Database. Tables(1). SetDataSource RStemp Screen. MousePointer = vbHourglass CRVie wer91. ReportSource = CRrep CRViewer91. ViewReport Screen. MousePointer = vbDefault lblLoad.Caption = â€Å"† Err: End Sub Sub month() Select Case mn Case â€Å"01† mn = â€Å"Jan† Case â€Å"02† mn = â€Å"Feb† Case â€Å"03† mn = â€Å"Mar† Case â€Å"04† mn = â€Å"Apr† Case â€Å"05† mn = â€Å"May† Case â€Å"06† mn = â€Å"Jun† Case â€Å"07† mn = â€Å"Jul† Case â€Å"08† mn = â€Å"Aug† Case â€Å"09† mn = â€Å"Sep† Case â€Å"10† mn = â€Å"Oct† Case â€Å"11† mn = â€Å"Nov† Case â€Å"12† mn = â€Å"Dec† End Select End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Me. Icon = LoadPicture(App. Path ; â€Å"ParkMe. i